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When BEL1 expression is missing, integuments are transformed into carpelloid tissue indicating the need for BEL1 to promote ovule formation in the presence of AG.
O-ha-tsuki leaves with multiple ovule formation often only show malformed ovules.
Despite initiation of ovule formation in these transformed stamens, ectopic ovules incompletely develop, and the transformed stamens are sterile.
Brassinosteroids are important components of plants stress responses (Hao et al., 2013) and also implicated in ovule formation and GA signalling via DELLA proteins.
Additionally, class D gene function is required for ovule formation, whereas class E gene function is required for the development of all organs, respectively (see. e.g. [ 16- 19]).
The aberrant ovule formation is at least partly associated with the weak expression of a wheat ANT homolog WANT-1 around ovule primordia in (cr -CSdt7BS [ 16].
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The initiation of ovule primordium formation is caused by expression of class D MADS-box genes such as Arabidopsis SEEDSTICK (STK) and petunia floral binding protein 7 (FBP7) and FBP11 [ 18- 20].
Essential for normal functioning of plants, PCD may be found throughout the life cycle, from the fertilization of the ovule, to the formation of the xylem, to the death of the whole plant.
The first step of ovule development is the formation of a protrusion from the internal wall of the carpel.
Overall, the brassinosteroid (BR), auxin and HD-ZipIII genes likely affected the formation of ovule integuments and growth of gynoecia of S1 plants, respectively and corporately.
SPL also interacts with INO and represses the expression of INO and ANT to control outer integument development and thus the formation of ovule adaxial-abaxial axis.
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