At present, the best candidates for legal victories overturning data-driven evaluations are plaintiffs facing made-up metrics for teachers of non-tested subjects.
If our predictions were to be upheld by the data, the null hypothesis was not to be rejected, whereas if overturned, the data would reject the null hypothesis.
This despite European judges overturning blanket data retention powers, back in 2014, on the grounds that such capabilities are disproportionate.
So with this as the background (and we have altered the text and include this figure in the paper), we clarify: we are not trying to overturn existing data or claim categorically that wildtype mice don't walk – but what is clear is that pcd mice don't trot, even when they do locomote at higher speeds.
Those expectations have been overturned by recent data showing lower-than-expected inventories in the United States, signaling resilient consumer demand and continuing problems in the domestic refining industry.
These data overturned previous inferences – based on reproductive relationships and morphological similarities – that Tahiti was colonized by multiple Moorean lineages [ 63].
We note that previous studies have shown strong support for some pleurodont relationships (e.g. basal placement of phrynosomatids; see [ 34]), only to be strongly overturned with additional data [ 20, 29].
While our conclusions could be overturned with more data on eye size, or especially with the addition of a phylogenetic perspective that would provide more precise reference taxa for comparison, for now this seems to be the most plausible explanation.
The Copernicus of this revolution was a mechanical engineer named Earnshaw Cook, who, in the early nineteen-sixties, compiled reams of data that overturned baseball's conventional wisdom, and then presented the data to executives at a handful of struggling teams.
In other cases such as sponges, molecular data have overturned much traditional taxonomy and highlighted many previously unanticipated groupings [17].
