Overshooting immune response is held to be the cause.
An overshoot response can be obtained if the adsorption step is slow; a slow surface reaction can, however, also cause an overshoot response.
The model also reasonably predicts the overshoot response observed after the two-step memory experiment.
(III) Overshoot response: slow regeneration of active sites or active species on the surface, or competitive adsorption of reactants.
When the input exceeded the maximum static friction, an overshoot response was initiated, and the input was again integrated to reach the maximum static friction.
The product responses are monotonously increasing or they pass through a maximum (an overshoot response), depending on the values of the kinetic constants of the elementary steps.
We found that the overshoot response to the rate switching weakens and the ability to undergo elastic recoil deteriorates as the EDT progresses.
"Natural" regulatory T-cells (Treg-cells), which leave the thymus as functional MHC class II-restricted suppressor cells, are essential for the prevention of autoimmunity and of overshooting immune responses to pathogens [1].
Moreover, we show that a similar effect appears in the tall container limit where the system reaches effective masses below the expected asymptotic value M. We present a discussion on the origin of these overshoot responses and the consequences for industrial applications.
Because, conversely, HNP1-3 can stimulate TNF secretion from macrophages, as recently reported [ 7], the TNF-induced inhibition of HNP1-3 might be part of a negative-feedback loop that prevents overshooting of innate immune responses.
