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The overlying bone serves to form a new floor covering the base of the finger-like cavity.
Certain assumptions have to be made, such as the extent of distribution of the fat and muscle compartments, particularly where there is overlying bone.
CT can be useful in areas which are difficult to assess due to overlying bone structures such as the spine and pelvis.
One reason for this is that even though piezoelectric surgery can gently remove the overlying bone from the fragile Schneiderian membrane, sinus curettes still may be needed to manually lift the membrane from the interior walls of the sinus.
However, it requires ablation of the overlying bone to access cochlear microvessels.
Consequently, the proximal femoral growth zones become limited by the overlying bone plate, which acts as a bracket or tether.
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All patients showed at least two out of five positive Pinzur high-risk criteria (immuno-compromising illnesses, large bone deformity, longstanding ulcer overlying infected bone, regional osteopenia, obesity).
Nevertheless, according to Pinzur [ 1], certain high-risk criteria such as a large bone deformity, a longstanding ulcer overlying infected bone, regional osteopenia, obesity, or immuno-compromising illness showed increased complication rates and therefore interfere with open reduction and internal fixation.
Due to these multiple disadvantages, in 2007 Pinzur et al. [ 1, 15] proposed that patients with high risk criteria such as a large bone deformity, an longstanding ulcer overlying infected bone, regional osteopenia, obesity, or immunocompromising illnesses do not qualify for open reduction and internal fixation.
For both the periosteum and endosteum, we measured the single-labeled perimeter (sL.Pm, %), double-labeled perimeter (dL.Pm, %), and woven bone perimeter (Wo.Pm, %; defined as the perimeter with overlying woven bone).
Cartilage overlying altered bone has been observed to have greater damage than healthy bone in knees from human cadavers [ 159].
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