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At the same time, with the optimum strain hardening, the applied stresses reach their critical level at which NCMs fracture only if overall plastic strain is sufficiently large.
and number of twins on the overall plastic strain extracted from this analysis provide a basis to construct kinetic laws for twin evolution in terms of nucleation, growth and coalescence.
Surprisingly, despite significant shear band plasticity at 77 K, failure occurs in a mixed mode manner, with large areas showing quasi-cleavage features that appear to initiate from cracks at the glass-Ti interfaces, which also limit the overall plastic strain.
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Finally, friction between indenter and indented material was introduced in the finite element model, and quantitative relationships were also established for the limited effects of plastic strain hardening and yield strength on the overall friction coefficient.
The test results indicated that confinement rigidity and concrete grade have a more pronounced effect on stress-strain behavior for specimens with strain softening, than those with strain hardening, in terms of the overall stress-strain curve, the unloading and reloading paths, and the plastic strain.
The overall plastic deformation of AZ91 alloy depends fundamentally upon not only the variation of load carrying capacity, but also on the strain hardening exponent and strain rate sensitivity.
The test results indicate that the overall shape of the stress strain curves, the peak compressive stress and strain at failure, the unloading/reloading paths, and also the plastic strain of CFRP-confined concrete are influenced by the CFRP wrap and internal hoop steel reinforcement.
At these high-strain levels, plastic strain concentration occurs.
When the influence of the strain rate is considered, the maximum plastic strain and plastic strain rate decrease.
Among those plastic strain is dominating especially for metallic materials.
These measurements are used with an assumed plastic strain distribution.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com