There are, of course, parts of that country's university system that we could do well to emulate – they lead the world in research output, knowledge transfer and attracting foreign students.
The important IPTs are described in terms of their input, output, knowledge representation and inferencing strategy.
This rationale is exemplified on biosensors, a class of devices strongly attached to multidisciplinary basic and applied science, bearing along many levels of input and output knowledge.
But combining information from different resources to add the value of output knowledge is a common solution in the area of information retrieval, such as clustering search engine or document summarization.
In this paper, the information from the channel (intrinsic information) and the output knowledge from the previous iteration (extrinsic information) can be used as the input of the current iteration, and the output of the current iteration can be used as the input of the next iteration.
On the other hand, knowledge production (knowledge creation) also generates knowledge as an output, which then is being fed back ("recycled") as a knowledge input.
Earlier this year, the World Bank announced that it would adopt an open access policy for all its research outputs and "knowledge products", which will be entered into a central repository to be made freely accessible on the internet.
Finally, data interpretation provides visual and statistical outputs to knowledge database that makes decisions, predicts network behavior and responses events.
Although it often takes decades to develop, the applied outputs of knowledge advancement (e.g. drugs) have at their roots countless basic investigations.
The output of knowledge creation of subsystems has therefore two routes (ways): (1) the first route leads to an output for the production of innovations for more sustainability in a state (nation-state); (2) the second route leads to an output on new know-how back into the circulation of knowledge.
Mr Davenport puts his finger on one of the key problems: measuring the output of knowledge workers.
