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Cardiac output determinations using the LiDCO™ system are very well correlated with Pulmonary Arterial ThermoDilution measurements [108] as well as with values obtained using the PICCO™ system [103].
Patients were studied initially for 30 minutes in the lateral recumbent position with continuous heart rate, blood pressure, external cardiotocography, and cardiac output determinations every 5 minutes.
This study assessed the reliability of cardiac output determinations by PRAM before, during and after cardiac surgery.
We performed four consecutive lithium dilution cardiac output determinations on 70 critically ill patients requiring haemodynamic monitoring.
In addition, 53 patients (40%) had one or more urine output determinations of >0.5 mL/kg/hour in the presence of hypovolemia as indicated by CI <2.2 L/minute/m, ITBV <800 mL/m2 and lactate levels >2.0 mmol/L.
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A cardiac output determination using the thermodilution technique was also made at this time.
Cardiac output determination by thermodilution has been developed in adults using a pulmonary artery catheter (Pulmonary Arterial ThermoDilution).
Cardiac output determination by thermodilution/pulse contour analysis using a PICCO®-type system may be considered in patients with cardiogenic shock refractory to first-line treatment (strong agreement).
At the end of 1 h, a final myocardial blood flow determination was made by injecting microspheres into the left atrium, and a second cardiac output determination was made using the thermodilution technique.
Bedside cardiac output determination is a common preoccupation in the critically ill.
Assuring accurate timing of cardiac output determination to the respiratory cycle will improve the reliability of ICO.
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