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We have focused our attention on the notion of outlying trial results, rather than those that are influential, or have high leverage, and so on, but outliers very often exert alarming amounts of influence and these concepts are related.
One clearly outlying trial (70 patients) was excluded.
The results of this outlying trial were statistically different from the other trials (I 2 93%).
The authors mentioned that heterogeneity was present and noted that one outlying trial had a very low mortality in the control group.
One outlying trial was the cause of this heterogeneity in the motor score; 34 when this trial was excluded from the analysis, the result remained significant (−3.77 points, 95% confidence interval −5.15 to −2.39; P<0.001), but the test for between trial and between subgroup heterogeneity was no longer significant (P=0.44 and P=0.08, respectively).
Similar(55)
However, to prevent single trials from unduly influencing the results, selected outlying trials were removed from the data if their path was far outside the trajectories of the rest of the trials.
Lastly, we repeated the analyses excluding the two outlying trials identified above [ 63, 64].
These outlying trials comprised a large part of study heterogeneity in percent change in total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol (22.2, 59.1, and 53.0%, respectively).
Instead of this deletion of observations we propose fitting an 'extended RVSOM' where separate and additional variance components ω j 2 ≥ 0 are allowed for all of the outlying trials.
Pairs containing trials with outlying global signal values were also excluded, based on the global average of absolute standardized values calculated for each within-brain voxel.
Used in outlying districts first, then in congested districts.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com