Multi-walled hollow electrospun fibers with different inner and outer diameters and different surface morphology are successfully produced by using dissimilar material combinations for inner and outer layers (i.e., hydrophobic polymers as outer layer and hydrophilic polymer as inner layer).
The outer surface and cross-section morphologies of membranes were examined by a scanning electron microscopy.
The coordination ligand (L) thiourea complexing agent played a key role in the interface reaction between the inner Cu core and the outer Sn shell and also significantly impacted the surface morphology of the outer coating layer.
The surface morphology, inner and outer diameter, wall thickness, and length of TaO x nanotubes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
The shells of M. meretrix and C. sinensis are easily distinguished by their external morphology, for example, the shell outer surface of M. meretrix is often yellowish-brown, with serrated stripes, while C. sinensis usually pale yellow, with fine ribs.
Difference in growth rate of deposition between outer surface and inner porosity are identified through reconstructing the porosity morphology, which coincides well with the "node-bond" theoretical model.
The amino and hydroxyl group-functionalized chitosan engraves the outer surface of MCs during the hydrothermal process, which designs the interesting morphology of nanopath ways on the surface of MCs.
Nanopods have a crystalline-like outer surface and exhibit inner structures with varied (from spherical to spiral) morphology.
Comparing the inner and outer surface structures, it was observed that there were obvious changes in morphology with the addition of polyaniline nanoparticles.
The scales, the deepest damage morphology affecting the molasse sandstone, are formed parallel to the outer surface and are independent of the stone bedding orientation [6, 9, 13].
