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Explosions resulting from the buildup of pressurized hydrogen gas occurred in the outer containment buildings enclosing reactors 1 and 3 on March 12 and March 14, respectively.
With the outer containment building at unit 2 primed for a possible explosion, experts said, any fire crews would be in grave peril.
The outer containment buildings of Units 1 and 3 exploded due to a buildup of hydrogen gas after the magnitude 9.0 earthquake and resulting tsunami hit.
Option (a) still allows accumulation of considerable hydrogen masses in the containment, which could lead to significant dynamic pressure loads to the outer containment shell.
Concerning cylindrical structures in axial flow, one may distinguish unconfined flow and confined flow, for example by an outer containment conduit.
Critics, however, immediately challenged that statement, saying it was impossible to call the reactors stable when their fuel had melted through the inner containment vessels, and appeared to be attached to the concrete bottom of outer containment vessels.
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This paper also simulates the long-term calculations of spraying the outer primary containment with a water film and the steam condensation of the inner containment.
Because the simulation suggests that heat released as a result of radioactive decay "far overwhelmed" the effect of the cooling water, he said, and because temperatures in the inner pressure vessel that originally housed the fuel are thought to have dropped quickly, Tepco now assumes that "100percentt of the fuel at Unit 1 has slumped" into the outer primary containment vessel.
The hydrogen, being lighter than air, mixed with air in the upper large refueling floor area". Some source ignited the explosive mixture, blasting away the sheet metal roofs and sides of the top section of the outer secondary containment building in units 1 and 3, he said.
The free falling water film spreading on the outer surface of containment helps to keep the temperature and pressure inside below safety limits.
At each impact location, two elements which experienced maximum compression damages have been chosen at the outer face of containment (Fig. 3).
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