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Due to the fixed sample size and multiple outcomes, power calculations were not performed.
Moreover, although we had sufficient power for most outcomes, power was limited for more rare outcomes, such as moderate or high fatty liver index.
Given that we will be using more powerful mixed effect regression models for scalar outcomes and generalized estimating equations for categorical outcomes, power should be sufficient to detect a clinically meaningful effect if one is present.
Power calculations, based on the studies carried out by Santamato et al. [ 35] and Tashjian et al. [ 36] were performed for the 2 main outcomes (power 0.95; alpha 0.05).
For the adult sample, 245 people in the intervention and a matched comparison sample will have the power to detect a 13 percentage point difference in behavioral outcomes (power of 80%) and difference of 1.7 BMI units between intervention and comparison samples with 80% power at a significance level of 0.05.
Deciding on the values of the parameters included in the sample size estimation are crucial, since relatively small changes in best estimates of variance of the outcomes, and in choice of size of clinical relevant differences in outcomes, power or α demands can alter the sample size needed.
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Three potential impacts of these transitions in philanthropy include: 1. Huge increases in positive outcomes, powered by new incentives: Fascinating work by Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo at MIT's Jameel Poverty Action Lab, summarised in Poor economics: a radical rethink of the way to fight global poverty, demonstrates the power of incentives in Rajasthan, India.
In scenario set 2, as expected, for each outcome, power increased as the specified risk ratio increased.
A power calculation showed that we would need 88 patients in each group to find a significant difference in our primary outcome (power 0.8, alfa 0.05, difference 0.17).
The total number of patients will be 400 (200 in each arm of the study) for a 15% difference in outcome (power = 80%, P = 0.05).
We care more for outcomes than power, so accountability carries more weight than favour.
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