Exact(2)
We derived a simple formula assessing the clustering effect in a multicenter study aiming to estimate the effect of a binary factor on a continuous outcome, through an individual level analysis with a mixed effect model: Deff = 1+ S-1) ρ.
However, in HSCT in ADs, challenges may arise in unbalanced randomization between treatment intensity and TRM risk, the rarity of disease or indication, the assessment of the outcome through an activity score, the definition of drug-free remission and the required duration of follow-up to assess a real benefit.
Similar(58)
The presence of dentinal defects has been shown to significantly decrease the outcome through a periapical microsurgery model.
In other words, the instrument neither has a direct effect on the outcome variable nor is it related to the outcome through a channel other than the endogenous regressor.
METHODS AND FINDINGS To address the clinical relevance of complement-activating anti-HLA DSAs across all solid organ transplant patients, we performed a meta-analysis of their association with transplant outcome through a systematic review, from inception to January 31 , 2018
Three common methods for deriving the binary regression model include assuming that there is an unobserved variable that is linked to the observed outcome through a measurement equation, constructing the model as a probability model, and generating the model as a random utility model [42], p.132.
In summary, an instrument, which is as good as randomly assigned, affects the outcome through a single known channel, has a first stage, and affects the causal channel of interest only in one direction, can be used to estimate the average causal effect for students who were induced by the increased schooling requirements to receive more education (compliers).
Taken together, this suggests that TSP-1 expression could impact outcome through a negative effect on innate immune function in patients with severe sepsis.
We suggest that hUCB cells may improve disease outcome through a peripheral immunological mechanism and may provide a neuroprotective effect for motor neurons through active involvement of these cells in modulating the host immune inflammatory system response.
We assessed for the primary outcome through a two-tiered method.
Change model: The change model specifies how implementation of the intervention and elements of the action model bring about the primary outcome through a set of intermediate impacts.
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