A meta-analysis of 88 studies showed that a perception of control was positively associated with desirable outcomes (professional satisfaction, job commitment, performance) and negatively associated with undesirable physiological or dysfunctional consequences (sleep disorders, emotional distress, absenteeism) [ 49, 50].
The study has an observational longitudinal design [ 36], where the development of individual health outcomes, professional competence and patterns of employment, intention to leave the nursing profession and early retention in the workforce will be investigated.
Despite evidence that PC and PH collaborations have resulted in positive health care system outcomes, health professional outcomes, and health benefits to individuals and populations [ 1] collaboration is not the norm seen in practice.
Next, these same indicators were used in a multinomial regression with a four-category outcome (STEMM professional, non-STEMM professional, STEMM middle-skill worker, non-STEMM middle-skill worker) to illuminate STEMM vs. non-STEMM differences separately for high-skill professions and middle-skill careers.
Cordingley et al. (2005, p. 1) further elaborate on the outcomes of professional development, distinguishing between outcomes for teachers (such as greater confidence, enhanced knowledge and practice) and outcomes for students (such as enhancement of motivation or improvements in performance, i.e. ultimately achievement).
There are other studies emphasising collaboration for effective patient outcome across professional boundaries within hospitals.
The odds ratio was 3.8 [CI = 1.08 14.51] indicating a better outcome if professional roles were reviewed.
Thus, it has showed that an e-learning platform is associated with improved outcome in professional examination, master in surgical sciences.
At age one year, all infants underwent assessment for motor development outcome by professional evaluators who used the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, Second Edition (PDMS-2) for quantitative and qualitative evaluation of motor development [ 18].
Further multi-centre randomised trials evaluating the effects of in-service emergency care training on long-term outcomes (health professional practice and patient outcomes) are needed.
