Despite these differences, however, several consistent findings have emerged, although it remains unclear to what extent the outcome of population-based surveys conducted predominantly in the USA can be generalized to other countries.
First proposed by Rubin (1974) the average treatment effect (ATE) parameter measures the effect or impact of a "treatment" on a person randomly selected in the population Wooldrige (2002) In the context of this study "treatment" corresponds to exposure to a technology and the ATE on the adoption outcomes of population members is the population mean adoption outcome.
The majority of these countries also use the outcomes of population censuses, roughly once per decade.
12 13 14 However, several confounding factors might influence outcomes of population based studies on mortality rates in the older population.
Review of literature on the health and behavioral outcomes of population and family planning education programmes in school settings in developing countries.
By constructing a mathematical model for a population consisting of CDI+ and CDI- species, we have systematically investigated the dynamics and possible outcomes of population competition.
The five countries without a register (France, Greece, Ireland, Portugal and the UK) rely on the outcomes of population censuses, combined with information from vital registration systems or sample surveys to measure migration flows.
The analysis of death certificates provides information on diseases, conditions, and injuries that are likely to cause death – an important outcome indicator of population health.
The potential of genomics research to improve health outcomes of populations cannot be underestimated, and it is therefore important to determine the best way to progress quickly [ 6, 7].
It is important to test the cross-cultural measurement equivalence of a self-reported health-status scale that is intended to compare health outcomes of populations from different cultures.
