At the beginning of image processing, bar image is recovered from the background for better outcome of defect segmentation [5, 44, 58, 59].
Advanced age also exacerbates the clinical outcome of genetic defects in other retinopathies [24], yet the contribution of aging to retinal disease(s) remains largely unspecified.
This pattern of loss of cell responsiveness is the likely outcome of intrinsic defects in both intracellular beta cell morphology [ 5] and function, in part caused by endoplasmic reticulum stress [ 34], that result in apoptosis and dedifferentiation [ 35].
In the study by Buttaro et al. [ 7] regarding the outcome of larger defects and bone impaction grafting, 6 weeks of unloading with crutches was used and at 3 years, the survival rate was 90.8%.
A 3D model of the allogenic bone was prepared from CT scan data, and bone defect reconstruction and the outcome of bone defect repair were simulated before surgery.
To further assess the outcome of COC defect in these mutant conditions described above, we scored the frequency of symmetric GSC divisions.
The use of a bone graft material in combination with collagen membrane improves clinical outcomes of intrabony defects [ 15, 16].
In order to improve the clinical outcome of congenital cardiac defects, prenatal heart valve interventions can be a valuable strategy [ 96].
It summarizes the recent research outcomes on defect findings and classification, analyzes formation mechanisms of the common defects, such as porosities, incomplete fusion holes, and cracks.
However, a similar study by Kerr concluded that the severity of arthritic defects did not predict outcome, but the presence of defects on both the humeral head and glenoid ("bipolar lesions") did [ 13].
