Thus, the experimental model here described may offer new opportunities to investigate the mechanisms implicated in placental malaria and in pregnancy outcome impairments, which are difficult to study in human subjects.
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) model of the consequences of disease identifies three health outcomes, impairment, activity limitations and participation restrictions.
The ICF model identifies three main distinct outcomes, Impairment (I), Activity limitations (A) and Participation Restrictions (P) and their respective opposites, Body Function and Structure, Activity and Participation.
The most recent version is the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health that identifies three distinct outcomes, impairment, activity limitations and participation restrictions [ 12].
What outcomes do you feel are important following THA and TKA? Probes: Think of both short-term and long-term outcomes, rehabilitation and surgical outcomes, impairment, activity and participation levels 3) How should these outcomes be assessed or measured in the clinical setting?
Where authors provided ranges instead of standard deviations of means (Xu et al. 2009), the standard deviations were approximated by the rule-of-thumb range divided by 4. For ROM or strength outcomes, impairment and percentages were calculated according to Wei et al. (2012).
Gender was assessed as a potential confounder for each outcome and impairment type combination by considering the relative difference between the adjusted and unadjusted log-OR estimates associated with impairment and the significance level of the added gender term.
The composite neurodevelopment and audiologic outcome showed impairment in 46% of the infants.
Main Outcome Measures: Impairment outcome measures (visual analog scale [VAS] pain, neck range of motion, morning stiffness, score of neck sensitivity, radiologic score of Kellgren) and patients' perceived handicap (VAS) were recorded at the baseline visit.
The major limitation was that the primary outcome, visual impairment and blindness, was based upon interviews.
