If malpractice companies stopped providing coverage for esophagectomies by a low-volume surgeon or insurance companies stopped paying for esophageal cancer care in a low-volume or poor-outcome facility this would promptly address the financial disincentive issues for physicians and hospitals.
Two maternal outcomes, facility delivery by a SBA and four or more ANC visits were studied for a woman's most recent pregnancy in the last three years.
Given the potential of the policy interventions to change provider and patient behaviors and outcomes, facilities and physicians, patients and their households were all included in the assessments.
2 Model outcome: health facility and anti-malarial immediate use (HF AM) (same day or next day).
Note: Model fitness based on the likelihood ratio (all models with p < 0.0001). 1 Model outcome: health facility immediate use (HF use) (same day or next day).
Thus, we estimated confidence intervals by using non-parametric re-sampling (bootstrapping) with 10,000 re-samples for each outcome, excepting facility cost (Table 7).
The association between the outcome and facility support is only marginal (P = 0.09), though the ATE estimates for Samples 1 and 2 show that there would be an effect if all providers had been exposed to the programme.
This study has provided support for the utility of information from the RAI-MH for measuring and comparing quality indicators of process and outcome between facilities.
Future research could also include analyses that simultaneously examine the association between the provider outcomes and facility characteristics, such differences in number of available providers in the facility and quality of infrastructure, using multilevel modelling techniques.
Research has yet to be conducted in low-income countries to determine the degree to which outcome differences between facility levels are attributable to facility characteristics or patient clinical co-morbidity at hospital levels, and would require prospective studies that capture data beyond what is collected on a routine programmatic basis.
Here we sought to identify geographic differences in pre-ESRD care, assess for county-level geographic and sociodemographic risk factors, and correlate with patient outcomes using facility-level mortality.
