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The education effect for the outcome cigarette consumption and cigarette dependence was only found among those with high income.
Models controlled additionally for mother age, gestational age (for models with birth weight as the outcome), cigarette smoking during pregnancy, previous infant greater than 4000 grams, previous preterm birth, chronic or gestational conditions of mother, and year of birth.
APNCU – adequacy of prenatal care utilization; CI – confidence interval; OR – odds ratio; SD – standard deviation Model controlled additionally for mother age, gestational age (for models with birth weight as the outcome), cigarette smoking during pregnancy, previous infant greater than 4000 grams, previous preterm birth, chronic or gestational conditions of mother, and year of birth.
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For each ultrastructural outcome considered, cigarette-exposed mice (n = 10) demonstrated significantly higher severity grades, consistent with more severe injury than mice raised in air (n = 10).
Table 3 presents three separate logistic regression models for the outcome variables high cigarette consumption, high cigarette dependence, and having no intention to quit.
University students completed an executive-functioning questionnaire and then a delay-discounting task involving four different outcomes (money, cigarettes, dating partner, body image).
We will also include separate smoking behaviour change outcomes (reduced cigarettes per day, cessation attempts and use of NRT) and barriers to change smoking as secondary outcomes.
The primary outcome, initiation of cigarette smoking, has been defined as puffing on a lighted cigarette for the first time.
Outcome measures of cigarette and nicotine product use are collected by the market research company via online surveys.
Barbara A. Brenner Executive Director Breast Cancer Action San Francisco, Nov. 8, 2009 To the Editor: Lung cancer is only one of the serious bad outcomes associated with cigarette smoking, and not even the most common.
Follow-up surveys assessed past-month substance use; outcomes were initiating/resuming cigarette use, initiating marijuana use, and initiating hookah use during the first year of college.
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