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†Missing data for 1 month and 3 months imputed by last observed outcome carried forward.
Missing observations were imputed using last outcome carried forward, though we note this approach is not without its limitations [ 25].
*Data for missing 1 month and 3 months outcomes including pain scores, Oswestry disability scores imputed by last observed outcome carried forward.
To ensure losses to follow-up did not affect significantly the results, we also performed last outcome carried forward analyses where appropriate.
When missing data at 1 year follow-up was imputed using a last outcome carried forward approach, paired t tests comparing 1-year follow-up with baseline for the 48 participants with normal cognition showed improved VQOL (mean difference 13.8, 95% CI 10.5 to 17.0) and improved VA (0.12, 0.09 to 0.16).
To address the possibility that losses to follow-up were not completely at random (people with poor cognition or poor vision may find it harder to complete the study follow-up), we used a last outcome carried forward analysis which did not alter our conclusions.
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The ultimate outcome carries profound implications for the nation's balance of power.
In this case, the outcome carries information about the missing values of the predictors and this information must be used.
The research team believes that improving QOL is a very positive outcome in young people who carry a heavy psychological burden, and it therefore wishes to ensure that this outcome carries equal weight to glycaemic outcomes (table 1).
We defined success as complete resolution of epiphora or improvement of symptoms with no further procedure required, as this outcome carries the most significant implication on the patient's quality of life.
In this context, in recent years, several studies have hypothesized roles of the environment on health outcomes carried out using an ecological approach which could better explain population's health behaviors [ 19, 20].
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