Quantitative studies were found through a systematic search that identified studies using AAT in people with ID and measuring psychosocial outcomes (behavioural, cognitive, emotional and social).
The aim of the study was to review the literature on animal assisted therapy (AAT) in people with intellectual disabilities (ID) measuring psychosocial outcomes (behavioural, social, cognitive and emotional).
Studies have found children with incarcerated parents experience a range of issues such as poor developmental outcomes, behavioural problems, educational difficulties, and increased mortality (Aaron, & Dallaire, 2010; Byrne, Goshin, & Joestl, 2010; Dallaire, Zeman, & Thrash, 2015; Rud, Van Klaveren, Groot, & Maassen van den Brink, 2014; Wildeman, Andersen, Lee, & Karlson, 2014).
Outcomes : Behavioural outcomes relevant to smoking cessation, healthy eating and physical activity with no restrictions on length of follow-up.
Influences of genotype on the outcome of behavioural interactions were found among lines of D. melanogaster for traits relevant to fitness – mating success and territorial success.
The primary outcome is behavioural problems.
The majority of studies reveal a positive effect on behavioural outcomes, concluding that students benefit from appropriate feedback, and reflection through game-based communication activities.
These outcomes include behavioural and emotional problems [ 9], externalising and internalising behaviours [ 7], and decreased cognitive and academic development [ 10].
Laboratory tests: Data from the questionnaires regarding the primary outcomes of behavioural change are verified with biomarkers.
Critical appraisal and EBM teaching that is integrated into clinical practice appears to be effective in improving substantial outcomes, including behavioural changes [ 4].
