There were also outbreaks on two cruises of the Disney Magic, and one cruise each on Carnival's Fascination, Royal Caribbean's Majesty of the Seas, Norwegian Cruise Line's Norway and the British ship Oceana, operated by P&O Cruises.
Since the nineteen-eighties, it has caused three of the deadliest food-borne outbreaks on record.
Altogether, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported 23 outbreaks on 20 ships in 2002, including 11 confirmed outbreaks of Norwalk virus (or norovirus).
According to the C.D.C., noroviruses are associated with cruise ships partly because cruise ships are monitored by health authorities, so that outbreaks on board are more likely to be identified and reported.
Park et al. (2008) investigate impacts of animal disease outbreaks on Korean meat market.
Understanding the mechanism of attachment and internalization could lead to the prevention of future outbreaks on fresh fruits and vegetables.
Remote sensing is an effective tool for quantifying impacts of insect outbreaks on forest ecosystems at landscape scales.
The considerable impact of disease outbreaks on commercial shrimp farming during the last two decades has significantly affected the operational management of shrimp farms worldwide.
Multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium U288 is a significant pathogen of pigs, accounting for over half of all outbreaks on UK pig production premises.
We used point counts to assess bird diversity on 29 small organic farms and simulated lepidopteran pest outbreaks on each farm using sentinel pest experiments.
Next, Turner plans to look at animal movement patterns and weather to understand what triggers outbreaks on a wider geographic and ecological level.
