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PMWS affected pigs had higher PCV2 prevalence and/or viral load than healthy pigs in all collected samples at necropsy (p < 0.0001 0.05) and even in sera and nasal swabs at the sampling prior to PMWS outbreak (p < 0.01 0.05).
We did not identify any significant effect of wave (Ps≥0.43), except for the estimated probability of an epidemic outbreak (P = 0.001).
There were no statistically significant trends in the proportion of Salmonella clusters that resulted in identification of a confirmed outbreak (p = 0.20).
One CL case presented in participants of the 2011 survival training courses (0.4%; 1/278) and no cases were observed in 2012 to 2014; this was substantially lower compared with the attack rate in the 2010 outbreak (P < 0.001).
Cases of the VRQ/VRQ genotype developed clinical signs at an earlier age than VRQ/ARQ animals, but age within each genotype did not change significantly during the outbreak (P = 0.329).
Case fatalities among pregnant and nonpregnant patients are compared in Appendix 2. Case fatality was not significantly higher in pregnant patients in the Rotterdam outbreak (p = 0.33), where many VSE cases apparently occurred.
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Nevertheless, we performed a specific ABC analysis to test this assumption which confirmed the independence of these two outbreaks (P = 0.773 with CI = 0.555 0.991).
Frequency of detecting B. trehalosi and P. multocida differed significantly among outbreaks (p = 0.002 and 0.001, respectively).
Similarly, PCR-based detection of lktA differed among outbreaks (p = 0.003).
Post-hoc analyses revealed that Japanese outbreaks had higher numbers of ill cases than Canadian, English & Welsh and Scottish outbreaks (p < 0.034), and United States outbreaks had higher numbers of ill cases than English & Welsh outbreaks (p = 0.027, Table 2).
In 50% of the NoV outbreaks and 27% of the bacterial outbreaks (p = 0.03) the number of cases was ≥10.
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