Beginning around 1880, a series of outbreaks of infantile paralysis were reported from several Scandinavian countries and the United States.
An outbreak of acute flaccid paralysis among children in the United States during summer 2014 was tentatively associated with enterovirus D68 infection.
While polio probably reappeared as early as May 2013 in Deir al-Zour Province [ 34], an outbreak of acute flaccid paralysis was only confirmed as polio by Syrian authorities in October 2013.
The outbreak caused 3 cases of paralysis from March to May, and affected children in the Roma community - a traditionally under-immunized population.
Enterovirus 71 has been associated with outbreaks of encephalitis, flaccid paralysis, and aseptic meningitis with a high incidence of neurological sequelae [ 10] and death due to cardiopulmonary failure [ 11], and was isolated from non-CSF sites from children in Quebec, Canada during the study period [ 12].
An earlier analysis of HAdV isolates in Malaysia (13 ) revealed that HAdV-21 was associated with acute flaccid paralysis during the outbreak of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Sarawak, but none of the isolates were HAdV-7.
An explosive outbreak of polio is taking place in the Congo Republic, with 201 cases of paralysis found in two weeks and 104 deaths, the World Health Organization said Tuesday.
Of the 165 reported AFP cases <15 years old, two adequate fecal specimens were collected within 14 days of paralysis onset among 49/79 (62.0%) AFP cases who had onset of paralysis before outbreak confirmation, and among 73/86 (84.9%) AFP cases who had onset of paralysis after outbreak confirmation.
The first polio outbreak in the country since 1999, it has so far left 10 children paralyzed, and poses a risk of paralysis to hundreds of thousands of children across the region.
For example, such profiles of adults with either a laboratory-confirmed / clinical or non-polio acute flaccid paralysis during the 2010 outbreak of wild poliovirus in the Republic of Congo might have contributed toward their increased susceptibility to wild poliovirus.
