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Wind turbine power output modeling incorporate force outage rate of the turbine.
The cost functions are modeled as a function of forced outage rate and EDNS.
The statistical parameters affecting the TLs' outage rate are taken into account in the probabilistic studies.
The indices designed are forced outage rate of system components and expected demand not served (EDNS) of the system.
From the simulation results, it is found that the outage rate of TLs is markedly affected by the model of the tower footing grounding system.
In addition, this paper assesses the effect of wind turbine generator (WTG) force outage rate (FOR) on the optimal system reliability and economics.
The ANN results are also compared with results obtained using conventional methods and real records of outage rate showing a quite satisfactory agreement.
This paper presents a critical review of CIGRE and IEEE traditional methodologies for calculating the backflashover outage rate (BFOR) of transmission lines, considering their adopted simplifications.
Case studies show that the generation adequacy indices increase with the correlation of wind speed and WTG forced outage rate (FOR).
Dashed line: only TBF (min outage rate).
r FOR is the forced outage rate of components.
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