He otherwise spent little.
High performance instrumentation can often save considerable time and effort otherwise spent on extensive method development.
Sometimes, the snow manages to save people money they would have otherwise spent.
He has otherwise spent his time gardening, making borscht and writing in his diary.
For an HIV clinic in Tanzania, for example, data reporting "costs" a nurse's time otherwise spent treating patients.
After all, he argues, "the time you spend playing the guitar or creating poetry or contemplating the meaning of life could be otherwise spent finding food".
(Note that proviso: the same money. If the voucher is worth less than the money they would have otherwise spent, the impact on welfare is ambiguous).
"I'm missing a week that I would have otherwise spent on the couch," said Ms. Gold, a senior, in between bites of an omelette during a lunch break.
Trump's proclivity for spending weekends at Trump-owned properties might also cut into time otherwise spent on the road on public trips.
In Munich, where he moved in 1913, he eked out a living as an artist and otherwise spent his days in museums and his nights at the opera.
Still, Murray's silence about her gender and sexuality is striking, because she otherwise spent a lifetime insisting that her identity, like her nation, must be fully integrated.
