Thus, the organizing principles governing protein interactions between proteins involved in metabolic functions appear to be different than for other functional categories.
Other functional categories included several predicted lipoproteins with predicted functions related to cell wall homeostasis (e.g., penicillin-binding protein DIP1497) or roles in redox processes, including the thioredoxin-like protein DIP0411 [ 53] which belongs to a locus (DIP0411-0414) involved in maturation of heme-containing cytochromes.
In a different study of duplicated genes in Arabidopsis, Blank and Wolfe [ 35] also observed that duplicated genes with functional annotations involved in kinase (14%) and transporter (19%) functions were more apt to remain duplicated than other functional categories during Arabidopsis evolution.
These categories included oxidative metabolism and protein synthesis and modification, indicating that the expression levels of mRNA transcripts supporting these biological functions are more predictive of protein expression compared with other functional categories.
These broad categories each involved genes having roles in cell death, cell signalling, cellular movement, cancer and other functional categories.
In contrast to the patterns observed for the regulation of genes in other functional categories, Ms larvae up-regulated most of these transcripts.
Other functional categories enriched when compared both to the rest of human genes or the set of genes located within known CNVs (Tables S4 and S5) were protein and lipid metabolism genes, and genes related to the extracellular space.
Considerable independent gene-gain was detected in both D. geothermalis and D. radiodurans lineages in several other functional categories including transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, membrane biogenesis, inorganic ions metabolism, and to a lesser extent DNA replication and repair (Figure 3).
Other functional categories, including DNA replication (11 proteins identified), ubiquitin-based protein degradation (30 proteins), sumoylation, chromosome cohesion (6 proteins), and chromatin remodeling/modification (21 proteins) have been previously linked to TRF1, TRF2 or the telomere [30], [46], [47], [54], [68]-[71].
The biological consequences of the up regulation of the genes in the other functional categories during the pre-erythrocytic stages (i.e. solute transport and heme synthesis in the liver stages or signaling molecules and protein degradation up regulated in sporozoites) are not presently known.
For other functional categories, we observed more persistent accumulation or depletion in transcripts.
