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It would be very interesting to find out what factors actually govern organisms in originating genes and CNSs in their respective common ancestors.
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The goal of the clustering is to group the ESTs by originating gene.
We analyzed the gene content of Tongil to understand the relationship between the composition of the genome and genes (open reading frames: ORFs), and also to elucidate the distribution of indica- and japonica- originated genes (alleles) within the Tongil genome.
- Recently originated genes can become stable components of the genome if they contribute to differences in reproductive success.
Recruitment of newly originated genes at early stages of developmental might allow evolution of specific phenotypes, while conserved genes retain function for the conserved core of development.
Recently originated genes have special characteristics: they are poorly annotated [ 17, 18], they tend to be shorter than average [ 19, 20] and they evolve particularly rapidly [ 19, 21- 23].
Perhaps, establishment of novel networks between newly originated genes and miRNAs is a general mechanism that might contribute to the phenotypic evolution of behaviour.
Levine et al., who described the first examples of de novo originated genes in Drosophila melanogaster, already noted that non-coding RNAs expressed at low levels could contribute to the birth of novel protein coding genes (Levine et al., 2006).
It has been hypothesized that MIR genes originate by gene duplication events followed by random mutation processes to evolve in multiples imperfectly paired hairpins [5], [27].
Although we do not know how these genes originated, the gene structure of nasonin-6 gives a glimpse into its history.
We present evidence that this gene originated by gene duplication from Otx1, Otx2 or Crx during early mammalian evolution.
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