To seek the possible origin of risk-seeking when there is no apparent benefit, we asked whether the stochastic process of evolution itself, operating over many generations, would show a preference for high or low risk in a "fair" match-up in which the expected number of offspring of each organism was unaltered by taking the risk.
These degrees of risk can be based on distance to a putative origin of risk (as in point source analysis) or on values of some environmental variables, as in our study.
The goals of this Commentary are to explain the origins of risk compensation behavior in risk homeostasis theory, to reframe risk compensation as a testable response to the perception of reduced risk, and to assess the methodological rigor and ethical justification of study designs aiming to isolate risk compensation responses.
In evolutionary science, computers thus are prediction machines: they answer questions like "What would happen under these rules, given I started in this world with these starting conditions?" In our study of the evolutionary origins of risk aversion, for example, we could ask what happens to risk aversion if the total population was large, but composed of small groups with migration between them.
The salient concepts of the origins of risk that they discuss include language barriers, lack of trade skills, and "traditional Latino values".
The application of specific control measures (adapted to the pathway's origin of this risk) in these high-risk countries/pathways could prove beneficial for the whole EU.
Here's why the anonymity network TOR is said to be at risk in 2015, and what the origin of the risk truly is.
This is called the risk-benefit acceptability threshold (RBAT) and is represented by the slope of a line crossing the origin of the risk-benefit plane.
The nonlinear relationship, however, suggests that birth weight is not an unequivocal indicator of stem cell potential in the context of a prenatal origin of cancer risk.
In the following sections we describe the origin of CVD risk scores and illustrate how purpose, construction and validation are often disconnected.
