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Knowledge about these variations in the origin of depression is an important starting point to gain a better understanding and to make a quicker determination about an individual who might be affected by depression.
It is possible that the hypothesized vascular origin of depression in older adults is driven by severe clinical vascular pathology and therefore apparent only in relation to manifest disease or that vascular disease is a correlate rather than cause of depressive symptoms in later life (44 47).
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PPD is a complex intervention based upon psychoanalytic theories of the nature and origins of depression [ 26, 27].
Self-accusation is one of the typical symptoms in depression and it may counteract the personal knowledge about the nature of origins of depression.
A frequently cited reason for the high correlations is that the etiologic origins of depression and anxiety are similar, and that anxiety and depression may co-occur [ 16].
It is also critical to clarify the understanding of the physiological factors, which may indicate the role of genetic and/or early environmental factors in the origins of depression.
A recent systematic review investigating the foetal origins of depression included 18 studies and compared those of low birth weight (<2500g) to those of normal birth weight (>2500g) [ 35].
Particularly important are likely to be beliefs about the inappropriateness of having a quasi-diagnostic label, about the origins of depression in life problems and about medication being inappropriate.
In their seminal book, The Social Origins of Depression, Brown and Harris [ 13] described their rigorous method for determining whether life events that occur prior to women's diagnosis for major depression may have been partly caused by the women's developing psychopathology, or were clearly independent of the women's own agency.
The contributory impact of continual grief and loss outlined by Cawte [ 23] was also replicated in this study, adding weight to the proposed conceptualization of the social origins of depression in Aboriginal communities, particularly among individuals experiencing profound socio-cultural changes in the face of an increasingly dominant western culture.
Although numerous studies have been carried out in this area, the origin of the depression is still a matter of debate.
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