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In conclusion, most NUMTs are located in regions identified as origins of replication where they are either positioned far from ARS and may act as independent origin elements as it seems to be the case for NUMT2 and NUMT28, or are located close to ARS and may act as elements that strengthen or affect pre-existing origins.
However, mammalian origins of replication remain poorly defined [ 18], although at least some mammalian origin elements ("replicators") have been documented that continue to behave as such when translocated to an ectopic chromosomal location [ 19, 20].
To begin to test this, we examined replication on pBS/ARS1WTA containing a wild-type ARS1 and pBS/ARS1A−B2−, the same plasmid in which two key origin elements (A and B2) have been replaced with an XhoI linker (Marahrens & Stillman, 1992; Remus et al, 2009).
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A common origin of elements can be proved by examining the correlation between element concentrations at various tested spots.
In 1951 Salpeter showed how carbon atoms could be produced from helium atoms in the nuclear reactions deep within certain stars and for the first time provided an explanation for the origin of elements heavier than helium.
Results proved that by origin, the elements captured by lichens were not only from the immediate environs, but also from more distant city districts with different soil lithology.
Compilation of data from the "Origin of Elements" and "The influence of reactive medium" sections allows proposing the general scheme of the conversion of lignite-water slurry mechanism under the supercritical pressure.
Moore's rendition of the Joker's origin employs elements of the 1951 story "The Man Behind the Red Hood" (Detective Comics #168), which established the concept of the Joker originally having been a thief known only as the Red Hood.
These three routes can be viewed as alternative hypotheses for the ex situ origin of elements of global diversity.
Although UC, like Crohn's disease, is a chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown origin, some elements in the cascade driving the inflammatory reaction and the tissue damage in the colonic mucosa and submucosa have been elucidated.
Due to the difficulty in correctly assigning LTR retrotransposon families into the genera of the Copia/ Gypsy superfamilies (which possibly contributed to the omission of a taxonomic step below 'superfamily' in the proposed TE classification system [ 22]), and to the scarce reference on the Sirevirus origin of elements, research on Sireviruses has been very limited so far.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com