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UL9-C535C, trans-dominantnegativeative mutant polypeptide of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) UL9 origin binding protein, is a potent inhibitor of HSV-1 viral DNA replication.
Nevertheless, our finding that Pri2 cysteine mutants disrupting origin association of Pri1-Pri2 alseverelyely destabilize origin binding of Pol α strongly suggest that the interaction between the pol and prim heterodimers, likely mediated by Pri2, is critical in maintaining/stabilizing the entire pol-prim complex at the origins.
In E. coli, only limited sets of growth conditions have been evaluated and IciA and several other replication origin binding proteins may act as a replication inhibitor during nutrient starvation or during sudden changes in growth rate [15].
These observations suggest that EBNA1 is a member of a family of viral origin binding proteins that have no apparent orthologue in the human genome, and therefore may represent attractive targets for inhibitors of viral latent replication and persistence.
The X-ray crystal structure of the Epstein-Barr virus origin binding protein/DNA complexes (EBNA1, PDB accession code 1B3T) [23] was used as the target structure in this approach.
It is easier for the proteins (RNA polymerase, and origin binding proteins) to create locally unwound regions on DNA in A/T rich regions, which could be one of the reasons for DNA replication origins and transcription initiation bubbles to have such regions [26].
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We used a replication-deficient SV40 retrovirus encoding a temperature sensitive non-SV40-origin binding mutant of the large T antigen (Jat et al., 1986; Jat and Sharp, 1986; Greenwood et al., 1996) to produce from these primary PNMEC cultures a stably immortalized clone.
Secondly, siRNA's against ORF53, encoding the origin-binding protein (Ori) helicase, were designed as this protein is essential for the initiation of herpesviral genome replication [19], [20].
EHV-1 glycoprotein B (gB), an envelope protein essential for viral entry into cells and cell-to-cell spread [18], and origin-binding protein (Ori) helicase, an enzyme necessary for EHV-1 genome replication [19], were chosen as possible targets for RNA interference.
For example, between positions 9517 and 12675, a divergent protein similar to the origin-binding helicase is encoded (full-length match with MIMI_R8).
Notably, this group of stationary phase-induced genes also includes several DNA repair proteins, two paralogs of the origin-binding Cdc6 protein, and two members of the "structural maintenance of chromosomes" (SMC) protein family.
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