These reserved subcarriers change the orientation of the data subcarriers in the active band and thereby limit direct application of the cubic parameterization techniques in designing pilot symbols.
This simple re-orientation of the data symbol processing allows for a considerable reduction in complexity, which makes GFDM applicable in a wide range of scenarios.
When the deviations are more Gaussian-like, the QHA basis vectors, which maximize variance, align well with the intrinsic orientation of the data (Figure S2 and description in Text S1).
After generating an optical map for X. bovienii (NCBI designation Xenorhabdus bovienii SS-2004) using AflIII, a large inversion was detected in the sequence assembly, permitting a simple re-orientation of the data and correction of the genome sequence.
This will be true even if the original data is run-length encoded, since the left-to-right orientation of the data in X will not reflect shared haplotype structure due to linkage disequilibrium.
The fourth header row in the response file is left blank and the fifth header row explains the orientations of the response data.
It extracts edge histograms capturing the frequency of occurrence of edge orientations in the data associated with a ground position.
Prior to all analyses, Procrustes superimposition was used to remove the size and orientation components of the data, leaving only shape.
Note that the components can arbitrarily switch sign, but in these instances, the eigenvalues will also be reversed to preserve the correct orientation of the reconstructed data set.
The orientation of the image data is adjusted during this L1a-to-L1b processing by a procedure that combines 90° rotation and vertical flipping of the image.
Similar to other interpolation methods, they are linear-weighted averaging methods that not only assign weights according to functions that give a decreasing weight with increasing separation distance but also capitalize on the direction and orientation of the neighboring data to the unsampled location (Bohling 2005).
