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Table 8 Items of managerial orientation scales and scale reliabilities Measurement scale Mean Std.
We shall use the 9 item withdrawal scale of the Stigma Coping Orientation scales [ 22].
Our gender-role orientation scales were brief and potentially lacking both reliability and validity.
The MHLCS identifies three orientation scales, being: physician orientation, chance orientation, and internal orientation.
Adequate stability reliabilities were observed for the Interpersonal Contribution, Transpersonal Receptivity and Transpersonal Orientation scales (r2 =.77,.81 and.89).
Link et al. devised 5 short coping scales with a total of 20 items (the Stigma Coping Orientation Scales) to assess various approaches to coping with the stigma associated with mental illness.
Similar(53)
Similar to the religious commitment scale, we used a 10-point political orientation scale.
Analysis showed internal consistencies among the items comprising the wildlife value orientation scale.
The corresponding coefficients show that an increase in the market orientation scale by one leads to an increased score on the market innovation scale by 0.394.
The study used a confirmatory factor analysis to assess the psychometric properties of the scaled items for constructs derived from the Covin and Slevin entrepreneurial orientation scale.
The entrepreneurial orientation scale was first developed by Covin and Slevin (1989) and also consists of three inter-related concepts: proactiveness, innovativeness, and risk-taking.
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