To address these questions, different psychophysical paradigms were designed in six experiments to probe unconscious orientation processing.
An experimental study was made of hot-drawing of PET films under biaxial stress, relevant to industrial orientation processing.
Our results support the hypothesis that temporal and orientation processing are preferentially associated with the left and right hemisphere, respectively.
Moreover, interpolating of digital magnetic compass shows real-time dynamic orientation processing, generated projected 3D view to be displayed on PDA screen.
Therefore, retinal visual output contains not only the edge map with multiscale edge information including the shades and brightness profile around the edges, but also their orientations as a result of multiscale and orientation processing of some retinal cells.
Recent findings have shown that certain attributes of visual stimuli, like orientation, are registered in cortical areas when the stimulus is unresolvable or perceptually invisible; however, there is no evidence to show that complex forms of orientation processing (e.g., modulatory effects of orientation on the processing of other features) could occur in the absence of awareness.
Reorienting, or orienting response, is defined as the automatic orientation of processing resources for example, through gaze or head motion toward those events considered important by preattention/evaluation structures (Graham & Hackley, 1991; Siddle, Stephenson & Spinks, 1983; Sokolov, 1963), while disengaging from the ongoing task (Corbetta & Shulman, 2002; Posner, Rueda & Kanske, 2007).
Cognitive training, either computerized using CogRehab software [ 65], or therapist guided pen and pencil training includes tasks in the following cognitive domains: verbal and visual memory, language, visuo-motor skills, orientation, vigilance, processing speed, and so forth.
Indeed, Gaffan's and colleagues' studies [147,160], with their conclusion that "rats perceived the objects as distinct shapes, not as luminous blobs" [147] (see Section 4.2), as well as rat ability to discriminate the orientation of both continuous and discontinuous patterns [143,150] (see Sections 3.2 and 4.3.2), suggest that this species is fully capable of processing orientation, when needed.
The effects of orientation on later processing stages, i.e. encoding and consolidation in VSTM were evaluated in a second experiment which required speeded naming of the same objects that served as primes in Experiment 1. 102 undergraduates (mean age = 19.6 years) participated for course credit.
Items address orientation, drawing figures, processing speed, naming objects, memory, recall, attention, vigilance, repetition, verbal fluency, and abstraction.
