The only genetic background where we observed an apparent orientation dependence of expansion was the rep recJ exoI triple mutant.
Finally, the small size of the expansion loops and the orientation independence of expansion frequencies argue against the importance of differential stabilities of pseudohairpins being important for expansion in an E. coli chromosomal context.
One of the main aspects was to create material database, enabling simulation of polycrystalline structure with random orientations of thermal expansion orthotropy axes.
The average orientation of cell boundary expansion shifts from the AP to the PD axis at 21 hAPF before the complementary change in orientation of cell boundary loss.
Since we judge there to be comparatively little ambiguity in the thermal expansion at 150 K, which is not necessarily the case at low temperatures (where β saturates) or at high temperatures (where the behaviour of the b-axis is unclear), we may be reasonably confident in the accuracy (if not the precision) of the derived magnitudes and orientation of the thermal expansion tensor's principal axes.
Subfamilies are largely contiguous (see below) and subfamily members usually share the same transcriptional orientation, suggesting tandem duplication as a mechanism of expansion within a subfamily [ 18, 33].
Unexpectedly, given the results of previous studies of expansion and the marked orientation dependence of deletion frequencies (Kang et al. 1995; Freudenreich et al. 1997; Miret et al. 1998; Schweitzer and Livingston 1999; Zahra et al. 2007), the frequencies of expansion events were remarkably similar in the two orientations of the repeat array.
Finally, in the American Civil War, greater New England a cultural region now stretching west through New York, Ohio, Michigan and Minnesota to Oregon won the battle to control the expansion and orientation of the United States into the mid-20th century.Though Mr Phillips's prose is seldom elegant, this is history with a sweep.
Owing to their immobility, plant cells determine body architecture through the orientation of cell division and cell expansion.
In our previous studies, we observed disordered orientation of the elastic fibers and expansion of the cartilaginous area in the early stages of ossification in the twy/twy mouse, which is known to develop spontaneous spinal ligament ossification [ 11, 17].
