The choice of the approach is recommended to be based on which side of the orientation (input or outputs) the decision makers in the health facility have more control over [ 12].
Based on literature and model specifications in the primary studies, we used the number of variables (dimension), sample size (number of hospitals), estimation method (SFA v. DEA), orientation (input v. output), percentage of teaching hospitals, publication period and heterogeneity in the sample in terms of type, activity, location and ownership as explanatory variables.
In this study, we used three possible orientations: input-orientation, output-orientation and also a non-oriented model, the additive one, which is based on slacks, excessive inputs or missing outputs that exists even after the proportional change in the input or the outputs [ 27].
Previously Chrome lacked mobile browser support for WebVR, meaning that the browser couldn't gather any data regarding the phone's position and orientation or input controller.
A total 150 and 845 data points (for each orientation) for input variables were generated using Hyper Cubic Sampling and extended FAST methods for uncertainty and sensitivity analyses respectively.
Large basket cells, the mediators of long-range lateral inhibition, provide a dominant non-iso-orientation inhibitory input that could play a significant role in generating orientation tuning and direction selectivity [28].
Both CRS and VRS technologies concerning input orientation, output orientation and the non-oriented model were used in order to compare the results from each approach.
A residential building was monitored from January to August 2006 to calibrate the thermal and energy simulations in summer, using diverse solar geometries and axis orientations as input data.
Model sensitivity (SM) of calculated G0 was calculated for sparse, medium, and full canopy cover; nighttime, shaded, partially sunlit, and fully sunlit surface conditions; and north south and east west row orientations, where input values of agronomic, shortwave, and longwave input variables were varied ±25% of their base values.
Although we describe 'strategic vision & policy design' and 'participation & consensus orientation' as inputs and the others as processes, these are all interlinked within the governance building block and are dynamic and interchangeable.
The elongated orientation-tuned input filters used in accord with the general tuning profiles of simple cells in V1 (Hawken and Parker 1987) and were computed by Gabor filters.
