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The main rationale for this is that nuclear rDNA cistrons are repeated hundreds to thousands of times in tandem arrays at nucleolar organizing regions of the chromosomes.
In addition, ongoing analysis of repetitive sequence in soybean shows that it is primarily in the centric, telomeric and nucleolar organizing regions of the genome (Gill et al. unpublished results) [ 26].
Normal spindle formation was also observed between mitotic organizing regions and chromosomes (NT, Figure 4D).
REMAP products to be dispersed throughout the rye genome, but completely absent from centromeric domains and nucleolar organizing regions.
To examine these latter possibilities, R1 ES cells were immunostained with antibodies against α- and γ-tubulin, which respectively, are the major components of spindles and centrioles found in the mitotic organizing regions (centrosomes) of dividing cells.
Chromatin organizational and topological plasticity, and its functions in gene expression regulation, have been strongly revealed by the analysis of nucleolar dominance in hybrids and polyploids where one parental set of ribosomal RNA (rDNA) genes that are clustered in nucleolar organizing regions (NORs), is rendered silent by epigenetic pathways and heterochromatization.
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All species of Oryza investigated to date have an array of genes encoding ribosomal RNA (rDNA, or nucleolar organizing region, or NOR) on chromosome 9, as observed with fluorescent in situ hybridization, although data are not available for the F and G genome species (Chung et al. 2008).
These clones are useful for the analysis of DNA sequences in the nucleolus organizing region or centromeric region.
The rDNA sequences in potato are reported to be on chromosomes 1 (5S; [ 54]) and 2 (45S; nucleolar organizing region, [ 54, 55]).
(1) Each member of a tetrad of haploid microspores produced by meiosis contains a single chromosome 6 which carries the only nucleolar organizing region in the maize genome.
In contrast, deletions in chromosome arms carrying the nucleolar organizing region did not change recombination frequencies in the remainder of those chromosomes.
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