These minimal standards consist of prohibiting severe forms of trafficking, prescribing sanctions proportionate to the act, and making a concerted effort to combat organized trafficking.
"What was once ad-hoc smuggling among small-time dealers and users has mushroomed into organized trafficking among criminals," said Raymond W. Kelly, the commissioner of the Customs Service.
The allegations of organized trafficking, unsealed this month, were a deep shock for the tens of thousands of Somalis in the Minneapolis area, who fled civil war and famine to build new lives in the United States and now wonder how some of their youths could have strayed so far.
The mass arrival conjured worries of an organized trafficking ring.
The case has also raised fears of organized trafficking in children, but no evidence has emerged.
Their low status in society can leave them victims of daily violence at home and in school, as well as organized trafficking and sexual exploitation.
Through the day, past the smoldering headquarters of Mr. Mubarak's party and beside the travel agents who catered to tourists his government seemed to favor, youths took it upon themselves to organize traffic, snarled by the withdrawal of the despised police from the streets.
Tom Cocola, a spokesman for the city Department of Transportation, said the arrangement was a deliberate attempt to organize traffic in a space that in places is only 12 feet wide, too narrow for dedicated, two-way bike and pedestrian lanes to extend all the way across.
Kinney doesn't so much direct here as organize traffic, and most of the show takes place in a bottleneck: one watches listlessly because the script doesn't seem to matter much to the actors, or, when it does, they're using it to their own aims, as in the case of DeVito.
Nobody asked them to mob the streets, guard their houses, take care of their neighbors, or organize traffic.
It also wants to do this in a way that makes it easy for organizations to work with, so it's releasing the data organized around traffic analysis zones within cities, which are agreed-upon geographic demarcations that help with existing urban planning and traffic management.
