The groups of polypeptides examined in this study, are derived from a common ancestral gene, are the present day exemplars of an evolutionary history spanning billions of years, and come from organisms with a range different histories of exposure to distinctive selective pressures of all kinds.
Duplication of the ancestral gene in the placental mammals may have enabled defence against organisms with a range of different replicative and evasion strategies.
To find out whether this effect was reproduced with our modified protocol (Additional file 2: Figure S2) and to identify the range of organisms for which our protocol would be useful we sequenced four organisms with a range of GC contents.
HIV is a pleomorphic organism, with a range of sizes and numbers of component molecules.
In all body parts, similar numbers of transcripts showed enriched or depleted transcription compared to the whole organism, with a range of 1.4%to4.4%4% of the total probes (Additional file 2: Table S1).
Many fishes are cryptically coloured and shaped, closely matching their respective environments; others are among the most brilliantly coloured of all organisms, with a wide range of hues, often of striking intensity, on a single individual.
Growth studies with each organism amended with a range of chloramphenicol concentrations indicated that the optimum working concentrations for D. aromatica, D. agitata, and A. suillum were 2.0, 1.0, and 2.5 mg·L−1, respectively (data not shown).
This putative bacterial clade, which is referred to as the PVC superphylum, unites organisms with a remarkably broad range of lifestyles, from intracellular parasites with some of the smallest known genomes to complex soil organisms [ 1, 2].
Limitations include pooling data from trials conducted in distinct populations (for example, infants at high risk for asthma, or unselected populations) receiving different probiotic formulations (various organisms with a 1000 times range in daily dose) through varying regimens (prenatal or postnatal supplementation, for 1-25 months).
Leptospira are the parasitic bacterial organisms associated with a broad range of mammalian hosts and are responsible for severe cases of human Leptospirosis.
For these organisms, GPCR sequences have been accumulated with a range of bioinformatic methods that include homology-based searching (BLAST), hidden Markov models (HMMs) and motif-driven queries [ 41].
