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In field experiments, increases and decreases in F0 and FV/FM over the tank hold time corresponded to those of microscope counts of organisms in two of three trials.
Using these measurements, I explore the likely effects of brief forces on intertidal organisms in two ways: first, I model a limpet as a mechanical spring-mass-damper system and show that its foot has the capacity to reduce the effective force on the animal.
Kitcher is correct that biologists attempt to explain the traits of organisms in two ways: sometimes they cite the ultimate, or evolutionary, cause of a trait; other times they cite a structural feature of an organism with that trait.
Taurolidine-citrate locks reduced the incidence of bloodstream infection (BSI) due to Gram-negative organisms in two adult studies, but showed limited effect when BSI was caused by Gram-positive organisms [ 49, 50].
During the past 15 years, ELISAs have constituted the mainstay of serologic diagnosis using specific B. pertussis protein as antigens, and the serologic diagnosis of pertussis is suspected with increases in IgA or IgG antibody titers to pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemmaglutinin (FHA), pertactin, fimbriae or sonicated whole organisms in two serum samples collected 2 4 weeks apart [ 24].
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Lichens are two organisms in one, a shared existence between alga and fungus.
Over the past several decades, the capabilities of acoustic tweezers have expanded from simplistic particle trapping to precise rotation and translation of cells and organisms in three dimensions.
These results are in agreement with our TRF and Q-FISH data using whole organisms in three zebrafish genotypes (Figs. 4 and 5).
Extended- spectrum beta-lactamase organisms were isolated in two patients, and carbapenem nonsusceptible Gram-negative organisms in three patients.
Fungal individuals (mycelia) deviate from other multicellular organisms in three key respects.
Hanninen ML, Haajanen H, Pummi T, Wermundsen K, Katila ML, Sarkkinen H, et al. Detection and typing of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli and analysis of indicator organisms in three waterborne outbreaks in Finland.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com