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Phylogeny reconstruction using GRAPPA is highly accurate even for divergent genomes [ 45], and thus the ancestral gene orders inferred in our study contained sufficient phylogenetic information.
To measure the agreement between the orders inferred by SOPH and those inferred by sequence, we compute the standard Kendall statistic among all intra-species pairs of gene duplication events that were not related by direct evolution.
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Bray Curtis distance calculated from normalized CAG counts significantly correlated with microbial order inferred from both 16S rRNA sequences and CAG-encoding genes (Fig. 2).
There was no resulting conflict between placing contigs in this manner with the order inferred from the P-element insertion sites (data not shown).
Analysis of map order in the F6 AIL marker map showed a large number of discrepancies between the map order inferred from the F6 AIL genotypes, and the standard MGD map order of that time (Data not shown).
Because of more unbalanced edge lengths which decrease the accuracy of the gene order inferred by the median calculation, the improvement of the adjacency accuracy is not as much as the uniform tree model.
For each of the non-monophyletic orders, we inferred a ML tree in which the order was constrained to be monophyletic.
The ancestral gene order was inferred from the gene orders of extant genomes on the best-scored tree following two steps.
Ancestral gene orders were inferred and then subjected to simulated rearrangement events under the random breakage model with varying ratios of inversions and transpositions.
Drainage order has inferred that Makhawan watershed is a 5th order watershed.
The optimal overall marker order was inferred following the protocol described by Niehuis et al. [33].
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