The United States should speak clearly for freedom and democracy, and leave behind any imperial conceits that we can simply order outcomes favorable to our interests.
First, we will treat the outcomes on the seven-point scale as multinomial ordered outcomes.
GRADE has schematically ordered outcomes according to patients' perspective on a categorical scale from 1 to 9, with the most critical outcome, mortality, being graded 9 [ 13].
Categorical variables were summarized using proportions, and comparisons were done using Fisher's exact test for binary and nominal outcomes, and proportional odds likelihood ratio test for ordered outcomes.
7 We have also run non-linear models treating the position on the scale as an ordered outcome.
We evaluated the predictors of increasing grade (severity) of CIN (on the ordered outcome variable: no CIN, CIN1, CIN2, and ≥CIN3) using bivariate (unadjusted) and multivariable ordinal logistic regression analyses.
To avoid over-fitting, the multivariable model was limited to 10 covariates based on frequencies within the ordered outcome variable.[23] For all models, continuous covariates were first included in the model using restricted cubic splines to avoid linearity assumptions.
The advantage of the PO model is its parsimony in dealing with an ordered outcome.
Therefore, we strongly recommend incorporating ordinal methods in the analysis of future trials when an ordered outcome measure is considered.
Thus, the simpler univariate model was chosen to show the magnitude where, given a specific percentage of bone loss, the probabilities of 0, 1, 2, or 3 complications were estimated as an ordered outcome variable.
