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Further, the Laplace Beltrami operator technique, which reduces one order of differentiation associated with the curvature, is used to handle the curvature approximation.
An analytical expression relating the fractional order of differentiation n with the characteristics of the modal interferometer was also derived, with the purpose to simplify the design procedure.
Moreover, their tuning rules offer more design degrees of freedom by taking advantage of the fractional order of differentiation and integration.
Based on this perturbed plant, the CRONE Control-System Design approach (a fractional order of differentiation based methodology) is used to design a robust MIMO controller, which maintains performance around a wide set of operating points.
In both cases, the maximum order of differentiation of each output appearing in the model inversion constitutes relevant information since it characterizes the regularity of the trajectory to be followed.
With U regarded as a function U S, V), its differential dU is (40) A comparison with the preceding equation shows immediately that the partial derivatives are (41) Furthermore, the cross partial derivatives, (42) must be equal because the order of differentiation in calculating the second derivatives of U does not matter.
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It is found that the flux increases when one of the parameters defining the diffusion model, the pseudo-diffusivity, is increasing or when the other parameter defining the diffusion, the order of fractional differentiation, is decreasing.
with ℓ denoting the order of the differentiation of y ( t ).
During their thymic development, T lineage committed precursors progress through an ordered sequence of differentiation events [2].
Our universe is staggeringly fine-tuned to the creation of systems of higher and higher orders of complexity, differentiation, and integration.
The order of osteoblastic cell differentiation of the scaffolds was pristine PLGA < PLGA/nHA < PLGA/nHA-I [24].
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