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The wing structures are generally lightly damped, with damping ratio in the order less than 5%.
In its pearl form, which has the external husk removed, it cooks in fairly quick order — less than 30 minutes.
It is found that chaos, periodic oscillations and periodic spiking exist in this proposed system with order less than three.
In order to find the stability margin of interval polynomials of order less than 5, it is not always necessary to determine and check all four Kharitonov's polynomials.
Apparently, the proposed control shows that the tracking errors of the present design are almost an order less than that of the otherwise designed adaptive controller.
High performance sliding mode control is designed for the system with predefined virtual control inputs having order less than the order of the system.
The California Public Utilities Commission, which oversees rail safety, issued an order less than a week after the crash barring train operators from using cellphones other than for emergencies or unless the train is stopped and managers give permission.
The extreme is a maximum when the reaction is concave-down (e.g. order less than one) and the reactor is maximally mixed and a minimum when the reactor is completely segregated.
We present low-order functional observer existence conditions; the proposed existence conditions always lead to a design of functional observers of order less than or equal to that of a Luenberger observer.
By utilizing the fractional calculus theory and computer simulations, it is found that hyperchaos exists in the new fractional-order four-dimensional system with order less than 4. The lowest order to have hyperchaos in this system is 2.88.
Let and be entire functions of order less than 1 with and being transcendental.
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