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However, when using this technique, the weight order of the source separation will be unpredictable, a phenomenon which is referred to as weight order ambiguity [30, 35].
Available information may be used to solve the problem of weight order ambiguity, either by indirectly choosing appropriate close point initializing ICA iterations [44] or by directly adding the additional constraint [42, 45].
The coherent and differential SOCP-ICA detectors proposed in this paper are capable of dealing with the weight order ambiguity present in the classical ICA algorithm [33, 36], converging on the correct solution over complex channels with colored noise.
Available information may be used to solve the problem of weight order ambiguity, by either indirectly choosing appropriate close point initializing ICA iterations [44] or directly adding the additional constraint [42, 45].
Concerning order ambiguity, while PCA components are ordered by variance, the intrinsic order ambiguity of ICA impedes a discriminating rank of independent components [ 20].
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Moreover, a time-frequency tracking algorithm based on the high-order ambiguity function (HAF) is employed to reconstruct the instantaneous frequency law of the micro-Doppler [16, 17].
In this study, a time-delay estimation method based on Ensemble Local Mean Decomposition (ELMD) method and high-order ambiguity function (HAF) is proposed for locating natural gas pipeline leaks.
In [10], monocomponent PPSs are considered and the high-order ambiguity function (HAF) is used to obtain the coarse estimates, which are in turn refined using the extended Kalman filter (EKF).
Below, we briefly summarize the concept of IF estimation based on multi-lag high-order ambiguity function (mlHAF) [22], which was developed based on the HAF, or polynomial phase transform, concept presented in [21].
The former are estimated using the high-order ambiguity function (HAF), while the latter are estimated using the cubic phase function (CPF), known to outperform the HAF in terms of both accuracy and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold.
We consider the ramifications of the ordering ambiguity problem (a feature that arises in the product formula schemel.
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