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Del Valle acquired his first Valencia orange seedlings in 1857 from his friend William Wolfskill.
The SYBR® Green (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) qPCR assay was used to determine the genes expression in sour orange seedlings after Xcc inoculation.
Upregulation of these genes suggests that PAMPs from Xcc might be perceived by PRRs in the sour orange seedlings and could trigger the PTI response.
Differences in bacterial Xcc cell concentrations could be seen in the leaves of the sour orange seedlings by 4 days post Xcc infiltration.
Typically, the level of ROS produced in response to Xcc-flg22 measured via CPS in the sour orange seedlings ranged between 50 and 300; however, a small group of seedlings showed a CPS above 400 whereas another showed a CPS below 50.
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DMSO (A and C ) or NAA (B and D ) (250 nM, 20 hr) -treated pUBQ10::VAMP711-YFP (orangexpressinging seedlings imaged at the onset of root hair bulging (differentiation zone).
It is unlikely that anthocyanins are contributing to the orange-red colouration of seedlings, as L-DOPA treatment of non-transgenic seedlings did not induce visible pigment production.
Stably transformed Arabidopsis thaliana (arabidopsis) lines containing 35S: AmDOD produced yellow colouration in flowers and orange-red colouration in seedlings when fed L-DOPA.
Lack of cotyledons and orange colour easily distinguishes Dodder seedlings from other plants.
In contrast to the 6- to 8-year juvenile period of the wild-type (WT) trifoliate orange, almost all of the seedlings that germinated from the MT had only a 3-year juvenile period; 20% of the seedlings even flowered in the year after germination.
Moreover, this regularity was order-independent, i.e. it was observed for primary roots as well as for secondary and tertiary roots of the 10 and 12-days old seedling (Figure 2A, orange and red data points for root length less than 150 cells long).
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