Therefore, most datasets are either long-term studies of focal populations or broad-scale studies of more limited duration making temporal patterns difficult to detect.
It is typical of networks with a scale-free or broad-scale topology, where only a few species have a disproportionally high number of interactions, and most species have few interactions [55].
If this is not the case and the background surface is bumpy, that is, there are peaks and troughs in the risk surface, this may indicate generalized or broad-scale clustering of the disease.
Most importantly, we find that when analyzing correlated genomic features, scales at which these variables are estimated can produce different results—an important consideration when interpreting results where data are only available at a single or very broad scale.
It is true that large informal economies make automatic payroll or tax deductions difficult to implement or enforce on a broad scale, but increasing government revenues is generally feasible even in the poorest countries.
"Either broad scale or carefully targeted".
The deals being dished out by the IRS now are de facto amnesties on a limited scale, but the agency is firmly opposed to anything with that label or anything on a broad scale.
