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Or before?
People are tutoring their children from year 3 or before.
(Or before, if I spot any juicy gossip).
First, do New Yorkers eat after the theater or before?
After the ground water is contaminated or before?
The parenthetical phrase translates as "before paralysis" or "before stillness".
Minutes later… or before.
Companies will be admitted on, or before, September 30 , 2017
All enterprises in the sample were registered in 2006 or before.
Therefore, PiCCO measurements were performed either both during haemofiltration (CVVH) or before and after dialysis (SLEDD).
(Or before. Or Memorial Day. You know what I mean).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com