The experimental design used for this study was based on large sire families, optimized for linkage analysis.
The proposed multi-Degree Of Freedom (DOF) system consists of a direct-driven, optimized and underactuated serial linkage mechanism having capability to exert extremely high force levels perpendicularly on the finger phalanges.
The marker order of each linkage group was further optimized by JoinMap 4.1 with the maximum-likelihood algorithm.
Then, the marker order within each linkage group was recursively optimized while removing markers with potential genotyping errors (LOD>4) based on posterior probabilities.
By exploiting an iterative ordering and error correction strategy as well as optimized GSS algorithm, HighMap was efficient for constructing linkage maps using markers developed from NGS.
We applied optimized group sequential study designs to the analysis of genetic linkage (one-sided mean test) and association (two-sided transmission/disequilibrium test).
Thus the initial absence of redundancy in our sample of 346 inbred lines (all being genetically unique) together with overall low levels of linkage disequilibrium may leave little room for the optimized sampling of variation and may explain the poor gains of marker-assisted sampling strategies (H and M) over pure random sampling.
Since the optimized kinematic error is very sensitive to the variations of the linkage parameters, the kinematic and post-optimal sensitivity optimization of the steering linkage is performed in an integrated manner.
Linkage groups were constructed with CARTHAGENE [ 35] and optimized with the annealing option (argument values: 15, 300, 0.1, 0.5) (see Carthagene help for argument meaning).
To facilitate rapid validation of genotype-phenotype linkage in yeast clones selected from recombinant libraries, an optimized procedure for yeast-templated, high fidelity PCR and direct amplicon sequencing has been described.
