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Fig. 6 Power spectra of obtained CPM signal with optimized frequency pulse and MSK.

ALE parameters are numerically and experimentally investigated and tuned for optimized frequency tracking.

Figure 3 shows the phase pulse q(t) generated by proposed optimized frequency pulse over a symbol interval.

Fig. 5 Phase tree for MSK (dashed) and binary, full response CPM with optimized frequency pulse (solid).

A part of the phase tree for obtained CPM signal with optimized frequency pulse is illustrated in Fig. 5.

It can be noticed that the phase pulse trajectory of proposed optimized frequency pulse is very smooth.

This section develops an effective model for the frequency-response analysis and optimization of such FBs, explores various practical issues, and reports the optimized frequency-response characteristics versus analytical direct designs.

In this section, we present an iterative method to generate optimized frequency-domain OFDM symbols.

Figure 9 The optimized frequency-domain OFDM symbols obtained using the new approach: 16-QAM, N slot = 1,000, PAPR = 4 dB, and FCPO = 0. 15. Figure 10 The optimized frequency-domain OFDM symbols obtained using the new approach: 16-QAM, N slot = 1,000, PAPR = 4 dB, FCPO = 0. 15, and EVM max = 0. 0..

The corresponding OFDM time-domain symbol, x, of the optimized frequency-domain symbol, c, can be obtained by inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) with ℓ-times oversampling, i.e., x = IFFT ℓ (c) = A c, where the matrix A ∈ ℂ ℓN × N is the first N columns of the corresponding IFFT matrix.

Figures 9 and 10 display the optimized frequency-domain OFDM symbols obtained using NEW SOCP, with the right subplots showing only the data subcarriers, for the cases when the EVM constraint is not active and when the EVM constraint is active with EVMmax=0.04, respectively.